Assessment non-carcinogenic risk of Cadmium in tap drinking water; City of Minab, Iran

Heavy metals have the properties of biological accumulation, toxicity and environmental stability, hence consumption of drinking water containing heavy metals can jeopardize human health. One of these heavy metals is cadmium that its long-term exposure causes kidney diseases, osteoporosis, cancer and cardiovascular disease. In this cross-sectional study which was conducted in Minab, 100 samples of tap water were collected from 10 regions during December and January of 2014. Cadmium concentration was measured by graphite flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry of AAS8000 model. Then, its non-carcinogenic risk was calculated through EPA equations. Range and mean concentration of Cadmium in December and January is ND-4.6 μg/l, 1.8±0.69 μg/l and ND-3.6 μg/l, 1.6±0.6 μg/l, respectively. So, the mean concentration of Cadmium is 1.7±0.64 μg/l. The mean of daily chronic intake and non-carcinogenic risk of Minab population is 0.00005 μg/kg-day and 0.095. The mean concentration of Cadmium tap drinking water is lower than WHO and EPA standard limits. Since the non-carcinogenic risk is lower than 1, thus it can be said that Minab city is in the safe area in terms of non-carcinogenic risk of Cadmium of the drinking water. But, Valiasr and Soleghanareashave the highest and lowest non-carcinogenic risk, respectively.